Types of Steel Space Frames & Their Key Differences
Types of Steel Space Frames & Their Key Differences
Steel space frames are categorized into 6 main types based on their geometric configuration, structural behavior, and construction methods. Here's a detailed technical comparison:
1. Classification by Geometric Configuration
Type
Structure
Span Capacity
Key Feature
Best For
2. Classification by Node Connection System
3. Classification by Member Arrangement
4. Technical Comparison of Major Types
5. Selection Criteria
Span Requirements
<100m: Flat double-layer grid
100-200m: Barrel vault
200m: Spherical dome
Load Conditions
Heavy uniform loads: Square pyramid grid
Dynamic wind loads: Curved configurations
Point loads: Octahedral pattern
Aesthetic Needs
Modern minimalism: Flat grid
Organic forms: Free-form tensegrity
Iconic architecture: Hybrid systems
Budget Constraints
Most economical: Standard flat grid
Mid-range: Barrel vaults
Premium: Custom free-form designs
6. Notable Project Examples
Beijing National Stadium ("Bird's Nest"): Hybrid space frame
Eden Project Biomes: Hexagonal geodesic dome
Denver Airport Roof: Tensioned membrane + space frame
Louvre Abu Dhabi: Complex free-form space frame
Key Engineering Considerations
Deflection Control: Spherical domes outperform flat grids by 30-40%
Connection Design: Mero nodes allow ±15° adjustability
Thermal Movement: Requires 10-15mm expansion joints per 30m span
Corrosion Protection: Hot-dip galvanizing recommended for coastal areas
Types of Steel Space Frames & Their Key Differences
Steel space frames are categorized into 6 main types based on their geometric configuration, structural behavior, and construction methods. Here's a detailed technical comparison:
1. Classification by Geometric Configuration
Type
Structure
Span Capacity
Key Feature
Best For
2. Classification by Node Connection System
3. Classification by Member Arrangement
4. Technical Comparison of Major Types
5. Selection Criteria
Span Requirements
<100m: Flat double-layer grid
100-200m: Barrel vault
200m: Spherical dome
Load Conditions
Heavy uniform loads: Square pyramid grid
Dynamic wind loads: Curved configurations
Point loads: Octahedral pattern
Aesthetic Needs
Modern minimalism: Flat grid
Organic forms: Free-form tensegrity
Iconic architecture: Hybrid systems
Budget Constraints
Most economical: Standard flat grid
Mid-range: Barrel vaults
Premium: Custom free-form designs
6. Notable Project Examples
Beijing National Stadium ("Bird's Nest"): Hybrid space frame
Eden Project Biomes: Hexagonal geodesic dome
Denver Airport Roof: Tensioned membrane + space frame
Louvre Abu Dhabi: Complex free-form space frame
Key Engineering Considerations
Deflection Control: Spherical domes outperform flat grids by 30-40%
Connection Design: Mero nodes allow ±15° adjustability
Thermal Movement: Requires 10-15mm expansion joints per 30m span
Corrosion Protection: Hot-dip galvanizing recommended for coastal areas
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